{"id":3985,"date":"2026-09-27T10:52:20","date_gmt":"2026-09-27T10:52:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www-flash.uh1.ac.ma\/?p=3985"},"modified":"2026-09-27T10:52:54","modified_gmt":"2026-09-27T10:52:54","slug":"%d8%b5%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%ab%d9%8b%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%a7%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ac%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www-flash.uh1.ac.ma\/?p=3985","title":{"rendered":"\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627 | \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\/ \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0641 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646: “\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639”\n\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629: \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0632\u064a \u2013 \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u2013 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0627\u0644<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u064b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\n\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646\n\u062e\u062f\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u063a\u064a\u0628\u0634\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0634\u060c \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u064a\u0632\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\n\u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629\u061b \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\n\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\n\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0646\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062e\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\n\u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0637\u0645\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\n“\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639” \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647 \u0648\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\n\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\n\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\/ \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualites","category-flash"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www-flash.uh1.ac.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3985","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www-flash.uh1.ac.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www-flash.uh1.ac.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www-flash.uh1.ac.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www-flash.uh1.ac.ma\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3985"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www-flash.uh1.ac.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3985\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3989,"href":"https:\/\/www-flash.uh1.ac.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3985\/revisions\/3989"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www-flash.uh1.ac.ma\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3985"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www-flash.uh1.ac.ma\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3985"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www-flash.uh1.ac.ma\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3985"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}